Convert between relative centrifugal force (×g) and rotations per minute. Just enter your rotor radius.
RCF (relative centrifugal force, reported in ×g) is the actual force experienced by your sample and is comparable across different centrifuges. RPM depends on rotor radius — 10,000 RPM in a microcentrifuge produces a very different force than 10,000 RPM in a floor-model centrifuge.
Protocols should always specify RCF rather than RPM to ensure reproducibility. The radius to use is the distance from the center of rotation to the bottom of your tube (where your pellet forms), often labeled rmax in rotor specifications.
Cell pelleting: 300–500 ×g. Protein precipitation: 10,000–16,000 ×g. Bacterial pelleting: 3,000–5,000 ×g. DNA/RNA precipitation: 12,000–16,000 ×g. Subcellular fractionation: 100,000+ ×g (ultracentrifuge).